Suchergebnisse

A new field of sociol is suggested - sociol of internat'l relations, - inter-disciplinary in its general tendency normatively oriented, & problem centered. It should include the study of those soc relations, conditions, & processes which are conducive to the use of force & violence between nations, & should explore whatever types of soc conditions, actions, & relations facilitate the elimination of force & violence between nations. Processes & instit's maintaining peaceful conditions & preventing aggression should be of specific signif. The following areas of study are suggested: (1) structure of internat'l relations. We may distinguish the following groups of relations: (a) interpol'al (between gov's & states), (b) interethnic (between nations as ethnic groups & nation - cultures) & (c) combined (involving simultaneously interethnic & interpol'al relations). Lessening of interethnic tensions, such as between Italy & Germany in Alto Adige, may require methods & techniques diff than interpol'al tensions based above all on power relationship. Tensions between East & West Berlin are purely interpol'al. Tensions in Kashmir are of a combined nature. 3 major types of internat'l relations are: (i) cooperation, (ii) conflict, & (iii) neutrality. There are, however, a large number of variations of these major 3 types. (2) The 2nd area embraces cultural & ethnic values, esp those conducive to conflict or cooperation, instit's, & personality types of pol'al leaders with tendencies toward aggression against racial &, ethnic & pol'ally dissident groups. (3) Soc causation of war is the 3rd major group, closely related to the 1st & 2nd & partially overlapping. (4) Problem solving attempts to find alternative solutions of a given problem, & exercise choice in a given situation. Pluralism is suggested as one of the alternatives. Pluralism as a means of reducing tensions suggests a minimum set of conditions: a minimum set of common values, respect for diff's in values, ideologies & interest which are not vital to the quest of peace, respect for diff's in values & ideologies within the State,protection of the basic individual freedoms, & a set of common interests. AA.